Diabetes mellitus has become a prevalent comorbidity in cystic fibrosis and is now thought to be a separate clinical entity from type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The significance of this diagnosis extends beyond the higher medical costs it imposes and the worse health outcomes it is linked to in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.
Diabetes caused by cystic fibrosis is an extrapulmonary consequence of the disease. Diabetes brought on by cystic fibrosis is the outcome of aberrant glucose metabolism, which is generally characterized by intermittent insulin resistance and insulin shortage. To diagnose cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) in people with CF, it is essential to spot the earliest indications of impaired glucose metabolism.
Causes of cystic fibrosis related to diabetes
CFRD is a special type of diabetes mellitus and has a significant CF consequence. Although it differs from both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, it has traits of both. A relative insulin shortage caused by the loss of pancreatic islets is the main contributing factor.
Chest infections, lower nutritional status, and reduced lung function are all linked to the development of CFRD.
Insulin resistance may also be a factor, particularly when it comes to acute exacerbations or the evolution of pulmonary illness over time.
Symptoms of cystic fibrosis-related to diabetes
Many CFRD sufferers are unaware of their condition until they are given a diabetes test.
High blood sugar levels, also referred to as hyperglycemia, are what lead to certain typical symptoms including increased thirst and urination.
Excessive fatigue, weight loss, and an unexplained deterioration in lung function are further signs of CFRD.
Management of CFRD
Diabetes caused by cystic fibrosis is most commonly treated with insulin. In CFRD, insulin therapy has been linked to improved glycemic control, weight gain, and pulmonary function.
A long-acting basal insulin regimen combined with rapid-acting insulin for meals should be started by those with CFRD who have fasting hyperglycemia.
The same high-calorie, high-protein, high-fat, and high-salt diet will still be necessary for many CFRD patients in order to help them reach and maintain healthy body weight.
Exercise and other forms of physical activity can help you enhance your body’s reaction to insulin. It is recommended that people with CFRD engage in at least 150 minutes per week of moderate aerobic activity. Running or participating in sports are examples of aerobic exercise.
Conclusion
Maintaining normal or close to normal blood sugar (glucose) levels is the aim of managing CFRD. Insulin and regular blood sugar monitoring are effective ways to control CFRD.
Keep a check on your blood sugar levels. Use BeatO Glucometer to monitor blood sugar easily at home. Save yourself from unwanted complications of diabetes!
